The Laws of Physics

Question

Description

In any discussion it is very important which parts of the total reality are included.
If in the reality only physical phenomena, of non-living origin, are included then those laws are relativily simple.
If in this reality everything on the Earth is included, including the behaviour and evolution of all living creatures, than those descriptions (laws) are much more complex.

Answer part 1

For some the following assumption applies:

The Laws of Physics are constant and as such we can predict the future.

It is the opinion of the author that this statement is of little value.

The author assumes that the Uncertainty Principle is part of "The laws of Physics" and as such there is a factor of error in those predictions.

The author agrees that an apple will always fall, where ever you are. Given the same conditions the apple will fall in the same way.

The author is more in favor of the following:

The Laws of Physics is a collection of facts, mostly in mathematical form, which describes the reality. It is the function of the physics community to discover those laws. The better we know those law the more accurate we can predict the future.

Answer part 2

1. What is the Reality?
   The Reality is the state of the Universe at a certain moment and includes all what exists.
   
2. What we see is not the Reality.
   What we see is an image of the past, of parts of the Reality in the past.
   The further away is that what you see, the longer ago in the past, is that what you see.
   
3. Each human being is aware that she or he exists. This awareness resides in our brains, in our mind. Only this awareness in our brains is part of the Reality. All the rest is history.
   
4. The further away is that what we see, the earlier in the past, this is.
   This relation is described by the following formula: t = l/c . l = distance from the observer and c is the speed of light.
   This law is not part of the Laws of Physics, because it does not describe the reality, but only what we see.
5. What is true for what we see is also true for the other senses i.e. what we hear (sound) and what we smell has its origins in the past. The major difference is the speed with which those influences propagate. The speed of smell is the slowest.
6. The best way to study the reality is in the dark, in your mind. In your mind you can travel with infinite speed and you can visit all the places of the Universe all at once. That is exactly what we are going to do. Close your eyes and try to visualise in your mind the following:
   • Position four points in space at great but equal distances. Call them A,B,C and D
     
   • Place four more points in space. Call them a,b,c and d.
     
   • Position yourself at one point, jump to the next, to the next etc. Until you have visit all the points. In your mind you can do that instantaneous i.e. you can visit (see) all the points in the same reality
     
   • Place a light at all the points. Turn all the lights on, at once, instantaneous. In your mind you can do and "see" this easily. How the lights are turned on all at once is not the point here. However in principle this is possible. In stead of light you can also think about a Supernova or exploding star in space.
   • Turn the lights all off, again all at once.
     
   • Now blow some smoke in your Universe. Again turn all the lights at once ON and quickly OFF. A sphere of light will start to grow from each point. The radius of each sphere will increase. When the 8 points are arranged in the form of a cube then all the spheres meet at one point in the center of the cube. From there on the spheres will continue to grow outwards.
     
   • Now consider that your 8 points are connected with fixed rots and move as a spaceship through space. Again turn all the lights ON and OFF. Again all the spheres will meet at one point but not in the centre of the cube. (Or is this wrong ?)
   • Special Relativity will tell you a different story. If you turn a lightsource ON and OFF at the center of a sphere at point P1, then, after reflection against this sphere, all the light will meet again at one point p2. Point p2 is again at the center of the sphere, independent of the speed of the sphere.
   • Now place equal clocks with the same time, at all the 8 points. Observe the clocks simultaneous. Most probably the time of all the clocks will slowly become different. Some clocks will run slower, other clocks will run faster.
   • Now let the cube rotate a couple of revolutions around one of the points (For example A) All the clocks will run slower compared with the clock at point around which the cube rotates.
   • Finally stop the rotation (this is not really necessary) and move all the clocks to one common point. Observe the final value on the clocks. (Clock A will have the latest time, all the others are earlier)
   • Open your eyes and look to the clocks in our world.
   • One more experiment would be to repeat exactly the last experiment "in our world". Start with all the 8 clocks at a common point with the same time. Move each klok to a different point. Rotate the cube a couple of revolutions around point A and move all the clocks back to a common point. The outcome from both experiments (thought versus real) should be the same (Clock A will have the latest time). However, is this in agreement with our current understanding of the Laws of Physics?
     This experiment visualises the Twin Paradox not with two Two but with eight individuals.

That is the Reality in three dimensions.

It is the opinion of the author that the Laws of Physics is a description of the reality you just "visited". It is a reality which functions independent of human existance or influence (except if we are close to our Earth). In this Reality we observed how light behaves and propagates in the shape of a sphere. For gravity (or gravitons) the same applies. The only major question is the speed of both (photons and gravitons) is the same or different. In this Reality there is no place for Schrödinger's cat, because all processes behave independent of any human influence. Within this Reality there is no place for uncertainty. There is no uncertainty in the way physical processes behave. At least not any type of uncertainty which expresses our limited way to observe the Reality. It is this inaccuracy that is part of our descriptions of the Reality.

The Sun and the Planets are also part of the Reality.
One methode to get a good idea how this Reality evolves in 2 dimensions, is to perform a simulation. Each complete simulation shows the position of the Planets during a certain period, subdivided in time steps. The first time step shows the initial positions of all the Planets. The last increment shows the final positions. To identify between the different time increments different colours are used. At each step (or calculation) the positions of all the Planets are calculated and displayed with a certain colour. At the next step the positions are again calculated and displayed but now with a different colour. The positions of all the planets with the same colour, each represent one reality.

With this simulation there are three major problems:
• How do we calculate the positions of the planets at each reality.
• What are the initial positions.
• What are the final positions.

The calculation used to calculate the position of the planets is one of the Laws of Physics. The first approximation of this calculation is Newton's Law. However Newton's Law is not complete. Newton's Law assumes that forces propagate instantaneous. This is not in accordance with observations and to our physical model which describes this. In our model the speed of gravity propagation is finite. Newton's Law has to be extended to take this into account.

The initial positions require observations. However with those observations there are three problems:

1. The observations should be done at the same time. If they are not than the observations have to be corrected such that they are valid for the same start time.
2. Each planet is at a different distance. That means if your observations are valid for one moment, the true positions are different. This has to be taken into account.
3. In order to use Newton's Law, the fact that gravity propagates with a final speed, has to be taken into account.

The mathematics described above, including gravity propagation, are the same as used in the simulations which are included at this site. The only problem is the speed of gravity propagation. In order to simulate the forward movement of Mercury I assume that the speed of gravity propagation is much larger than c. No experiment done until today shows that this assumption is false.

Readers interested to observe the result of professional simulations in the form of MPEG movies should visit the following:

1. Indiana University Astronomy Department - Movies !
2. North Carolina State University Astronomy Department - High-Mass Eccentric X-Ray Binaries !out of order
3. The Open University - Physics and Astronomy Cataclysmic Variables replacement

The second reference shows beautiful simulations in 2D. The author is specific impressed because they show in a large extend the same behaviour (is eccentric) as the planet Mercury around the Sun.
The following question can be raised: is there any forward movement ?

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